ብሓሶት ምምብጻዕ ንዓና ነውሪ፡ ንውልቀ መራሒና መነባበሪ

ብሓሶት ምምብጻዕ ንዓና ነውሪ፡ ንውልቀ መራሒና መነባበሪ

ካብ ብርሃን ተስፋ
28 ለካቲት 2014

ውልቀ-መራሒና ዋላ ንሓንቲ መዓልቲ ምሕሳው ተርብሖ እንተመሲላ ንእሙንነት ብድሕሪኣ ዝስዕባ መዓልታት ከይገደሶ መልሓሱ ወርዊሩ ንኽዓጽፍ ድሕር ዘይብል ጉዳመኛ’ዩ፡፡ ሎሚ ኣብ እዋን ዕራርቦ ዕድሚኡ ዝጀመሮ ሕማቕ ልምዲ’ውን ኣይኮነን፡፡ ውልቀ-መራሒና ንምድንጋር ከም ሜላ፡ ንሓሶት ድማ ከም ስልቲ፡ ካብ ዝጥቀመለንሲ ካብ 1970ታት፡ 80ታት፡ 90ታት ከም’ውን ኣብ 2014 ዓመት ካብ 21 ክ/ዘመን ሓሊፈን ኣለዋ፡፡ “ኣመል ምስ መግነዝ” ከምዝበሃል ካብ ብገንኡ ዝለመዶ ስለዝኾነ ሓመድ ድበ ምስተደብየ እንተዘይኮኑ ኣብ ርእሲ መሬት ክሳብ ዝሃለወ ክሓድጎ ኢዩ ኢልካ ምሕሳብ ኣይከኣልን፡፡ 

ኣብ እዋን ብረታዊ ገድሊ ንተጋደላይ ዝጉስጉሰሉ ዝነበረ መብጽዓ ‘ምልዋጥ ኤርትራ ናብ ዓዲ መዓርን ጸባን፡ ወርቅን ጨርቅን፡ ክንገብራ ኢና፡ ከም ጸባ እንዳኣቺ ብምጉዓዝ ዘይኮነ ከም ቦምባ ማይ ነናብ ቤቱ ክንዝርጋሓሉ ኢና፡፡ ንቀጻሊ ወለዶ ናጽነት ጥራይ ዘይኮነ ድሕሪ ናጽነት ንደቅና ዘይሃልቕ ወርቂ፡ ነዳዲን ልችን ክነውርሶም ኢና፡፡ ህዝብና ካብ ድኽነትን ሕሰምን ክነገላግሎ ኢና’ ተባሂሉ ተለፍሊፉሉ፡፡

1991 ናጽነት ክውን ምስ ኮነ ‘ነብሰወከፍ ተጋዳላይ ነቲ ስውእ ይኹን ካብ ብሱል ጥረ ኮይኑ ብሂወት ዝኣተወ ኩሉ ካብታ ንምግዳል ዝወሰነላን ኦርኒክ ዝመልኣላን ዕለት ጀሚሩ ክሳብ ዕለት ናጽነት 24 ግንቦት 1991 ንመዓልቲ ሓደ ናይ ኣመሪካ ዶላር ሞስኡ ክሕሰበሉ ኢዩ’ ተባሂሉ ተገሊጽሉ፡፡ እቲ ጅግና ወዲ ህዝቢ ተጋዳላይን ሓፋሽ ህዝቢ ኤርትራን ግን ነታ መወዳድርቲ ዘይብላ ክብርቲ ሂወቱ ወፊዩ ዝተጋደለን ዝወሰነን ካብ ሃገሩን ህዝቡን ዝጽበዮ ካልእ ፍሉይ ሞሳ ወይ ካሕሳ ኣይነበረን፡፡ ተጋዳላይን ህዝብን ኣማዕዲዩ ዝሪኣን ናብኣ ክበጽሕ ብኹሉንትንኡ ዝተቓለሰላን ዝነበረ ናጽነትን ምትካል ዴሞክራስያዊት ኤርትራን ጥራይ ኢያ ነይራ፡፡ ነዚኣ ብምርግጋጽ ከም ኩሉ ህዝቡ ክሓልፈሉ ደኣምበር ንበይኑ ክብልጽግ ምንዮት ኣይነበሮን፡፡ ነዚኣ ከረጋግጽ ድማ ገድልን መስገደልን ሓሊፉ ከምዝበጽሓ ኣሚኑ ኣብ ልዕሊ ጥሙይ ከብዱ፡ ጽሙእ ጎረርኡን ዕሩቕ ዝባኑን ንመስዋእቲ ተቐዳዲሙ ኣረጋጊጽዋ፡፡

ትጽቢት ተጋደላይ ህዝባዊ ግንባር ነታ ከም ማይ ጽምኢ ዝሃርፋ ዝነበረ ናጽነት ሃገሩ ድሕሪ ምርግጋጽ ምስ ህዝቡ ብሓባር ክሓልፈሉ ቅዋማዊ ስርዓቱ ከንግስ ደኣ’ምበር ብዋጋ መስዋእቱን ቃልሱን ብገንዘብ ዝትመን ካሕሳን ካብ ህዝቡ ዝተፈልየ ሓለፋታትን ክረክብ ሕልሚ ኣይነበሮን፡፡ ባዕሉ ጉጅለ ህግደፍ ግን ንስውእን ህልውን ተጋደላይ መዓልታዊ  ብዶላር ዝሕሰብ ከምዝኽሕሶ ምስ ኣውረየሉ ብመብዛሕትኡ ተጋዳላይ ሂወትና ብዋጋ ናጽነትን ዴሞክራስን ደኣ’ምበር ብዋጋ ሰልዲ ክጽብጸብ የብሉን ብምባል ብዙሕ ትርጉም ዋላ እንተዘይገበረሉ ካብ ተብሃለስ ሕራይ ኢሉ ድሕሪ መግለጺ ህግደፍ ሓቂ መሲልዎ ዕድመ ገድሉ ብዕለታት ኣብ ምጽብጻብን ንዝበጽሖ ዶላርን ሸርፊ ሽዑ ናብ ዝነበረ ብር ኢትዮጵያ ኣብ ምሽራፍ፡ ኣብ ምድማርን ምርባሕን ከምኡ’ውን መዓልኡ ኣብ ምንታይ ከምዝኾንን ኮፍ ኢሉ የሰላስል ውጥናት ክሕንጽጽ ይውዕልን ይሓድርን ነይሩ፡፡

እንተኾነ ግዳ “ኣይ ሰሙን ኣይሳልስቲ” ከምዝበሃል ተጋደላይ ን4 ዓመት ብዘይዝኾነ ክፍሊት ክጋደል ከምዝጸንሖ ሕጂ’ውን ብዘይዝኾነ ክፍሊት ክጋደል ብካሴት ዝተቐርጸ ናይ ውልቀ-መራሒ መግለጺ ወጺኡ ናብ ኣሃዱታት ምስተዘርገሐ፡ ኣብ ኣስመራን ከባቢኣን ዝነበሩ ኣሃዱታት ውዕውዕ ማሕበረ-ቑጠባዊ ትሕዝቶ ዝነበሮ ተቓዉሞ ኣልዓሉ፡፡ 20 ግንቦት 1993 ንጠለባት እቲ ተቓዉሞ ምላሽ ክህብ ብኳሌትኡ ተሓኒቑ ናብ ቅድሚ ተቓወምቲ ዝቐረበ ፕረዚዳንት ‘እዛ ሃገር ጥራሓ ስለዝጸነሐትና ዝወሃብ ስለዘይብላ፡ እዚ መምርሒ ኣውሪድና ነይርና ሕጂ ግን ስለዝዓመጽኩም ንካልኦት መደባት ዓጺፍና ክንህበኩም ክንግደድ ኢና’ ኢሉዎም፡፡ እቲ ንሕድሕዱ ተጋደላይ ካብ ዝተጋደለሉ ዕለት መዓልታዊ $1USD ተባሂሉ ዝተገልጸሉ መብጽዓ ባዶ ምንባሩ ዘግሃደ ኣጋጣሚ ምንባሩ ግን ተረጋገጸ፡፡

ካብ 1996 ክሳብ 1997 ውልቀ-መራሒና ካብ ነብሰ-ወከፍ ኣባል ምክልኻል ኤርትራ ካብ ወርሓዊ ደሞዙ በቢኸፊል ዝቑረጽ 2,000 ብር ከምዝቑረጽ ትእዛዝ ኣውሪዱ፡፡ ናይዚ ምኽኒት ኣብ ብርክታት መኽሰብ ዘለዎም ወፍርታት ብስምኩም ኣውዒልና ምቅሊትኩም በብእዋኑ ከምትረኽቡ ክንገብር ኢና ብዝብል ነይሩ፡፡ እንተኾነ ግዳ ይትረፍ’ዶ እቲ ዝተብሃሎ ምቅሊት ወፍሪ ክረክብ፡ ሰራዊት ብጥበራ ዝተዘምቶ ገንዘቡ’ኳ ኣበይ ከምዝኣተወ ክሳብ ሎሚ ኣይተነግሮን፡፡

ኣብ ኩናት ኢትዮ-ኤርትራ ዝጀመረ ብድሕሪኡ’ውን ዝቐጸለ ካብ ሓለፍቲ ቦጦሎኒ ንላዕሊ ዘለው ተጋደልቲ ኣባይቲ ከምዝዕደሎም ተነጊርዎም ቅጥዕታት መሊኦም፡ ክቕመጥሉ ዝደልይዎ ቦታ (ከተማ) መሪጾም፡ ናይ ዝዕደሎምን ዝስረሓሎምን ገዛውቲ ስእልታት ሪኦም፡፡ እንተኾነ ግና ዘረባ ኣባይቲ ሽዑ ምስተቐልቀለ ንደሃዩ’ኳ ሃጢሙ ተረፈ፡፡ ውሕዳት ሰብ-ግዜ ላዕለዎት ሰበስልጣናትን ወተሃደራውያን ገበርቲ ሓደግትን ግን ንኣባይቲ ዝተሰጉ ኢትዮጵያውያን ሴሮም ኣትዮም፡ ወይ ከኣ ስቪል ኤርትራውያን ዜጋታት ንዘመናት ሒዞምዎ ካብ ዝጸንሑ ናይ ቀደም ኣባይቲ ብሓይሊ ብምብራር ባዕላቶም ሰፊረሞ፡፡ “ምውጋን” ብዝብል ስም ጽባሕ ዘይወግሕን ሕጊ ተዓቢጣ ትነብርን መሲልዎም ብስሞም ይውገነሎም ኣሎ፡፡   

ድሕሪ መወዳእታ ኩናት ምስ ኢትዮጵያ ካብ 2001 ክሳብ 2003 ኣብ ዝነበሩ እዋናት ውልቀ-መራሒና ኣብ ልዕሊ መንግስቲ ኢትዮጵያ ነቲ ኣብ መወዳእታ ኩናት ንዘጋጠሞ ውርደት ንምክሕሓስን ዓጸፋ ንምምላስን ሰራዊት ኣብ ጽዑቕን ቅድሚኡ ዘይተረኣዩ ወትሃደራዊ ታዕሊማትን ስትንፋስ ዘይህቡ ልምምዳትን ዝተጸምደሉ ፍሉይ እዋን ነይሩ፡፡ ኣብዚ እዋን’ዚ ሞራል ሰራዊት ክብ ንምባል ተባሂሉ ንነብሰ-ወከፍ ኣባል ሰራዊት ነቲ ተጋደላይ 7,000 ናቕፋ ነቲ ኣባል ሃ/ኣገልግሎት ድማ 5,000 ናቕፋ ንሕድሕድ ዓመት ኣብ ባንኪ ክቕመጠሉ ምዃኑ ብግልጽን ብስቱርን ቃል መብጽዓታት ተኣቲይሉ፡፡ ግና ተጋዳላይ ኮነ ዋርሳይ ክሳብ’ዛ ሎሚ ዕለት ምስ ኩሉ ትጽቢታቱ ማይ ዓሚኹ ተሪፉ፡፡

ሕጂ’ውን ኣብ 2008 ውልቀ-መራሒና ያኢ ሓላይ ሰራዊት ክመስል ዝኣተዎ መብጽዓ ንቦኹሪ ውላድ ኣባል ሓይልታት ምክልኻል ኤርትራ 150 ንትሕቲ ቦኹሪ ውላድ ዝኾኑ ደቁ ይብዝሑ ይውሓዱ ብዘየግድስ ንሕድሕዶም 100 ናቕፋ ወርሓዊ ደወሞዝ ከምዝግብረሎም ኣዊጁ፡፡ ኣብ ውሕዳት ኣሃዱታት’ውን ጀሚሩ እንተኾነ እዚ መብጽዓ’ዚ’ውን ከምቶም ቀዳሞት መብጽዓታት ኣብ ከውሒ ከም ዝፈሰሰ ማይ ሃፊፉ ተሪፉ፡፡

ምስ ምጅማር ዕደና ወርቂ ቢሻ ተኣሳሲሩ እቲ ንነዊሕ እዋን ዝጸንሐ ክውንነትን ምጽማምን ኤርትራውያን ብፍላይ ኣባላት ሰራዊትና ከብቅዕ’ዩ፡፡ ምብርባር ዕቑር ጸጋታት ሃገር ክጅመር እዩ፡ ኢሉ ውልቀ-መራሒና ኣበሲሩ፡፡ ዝተፈረመ ውዕል ዕደና ድማ ብመኽሰቡን ንረብሓ ሃገር ዘቐድም ብምኻኑን ኣብ ኣፍሪቃ መዳርግቲ ከምዘይብሉ ንህዝብን ሰራዊትን ተመዲሩ፡፡ ምሕፋስ ሞሳ ዓመታት ባርነት ከምዘብቀዐ’ውን ኣብ ኩሉ ኩርናዓት ሃገርና ኣጋዊሑ፡፡ እንተኾነ ግዳ ህዝብን ሰራዊትን ሎሚ’ዶ ጽባሕ ንካሓስ እንዳበለ 4 ዓመታት ምስተጸርገፈ፡ ውልቀ-መራሒና ኣብ ቃለ መሕተቱ ክራማት 2013ን ዕደና ቢሻ ዘይከምቲ ኣቐዲሙ ዝበሎ ሞሳ ህዝብን ሰራዊትን ዝፈዲ ዘይኮነስ ንዓመታዊ ወጻኢታት ነዳዲ ሃገር’ኳ ከምዘይሽፍን ገሊጹ፡፡ እቲ ካድራቱ ካብ ኣፍሪቃ እቲ ዝበለጸ ውዕል ዕደና እናበሉ ባዶ ጃህረኦም ይነዝሕሉ ዝነበሩ ከኣ ዝደኸመን ንሃገራዊ ረብሓታት ዝሃሲ ውዕል ዕደና ብምዃኑን ክኽለስ ከምዝግበኦ እቲ ውልቀ መራሒ ባዕሉ ተናዚዙ፡፡ ካድራቱን ሚኒስተራቱን ክጀሃሩ ንሱ ከፍርስ ኣብ ምርብራብ ከምዝርከቡ መቸም ኩሉ የስተብህለሉ ከምዘሎ ጋህዲ እዩ፡፡ 

ኣብ 2011 ውልቀ-መራሒና ቅድሚኡ ካብ ዝጸንሐ መብጽዓታቱ ብትሕዝቶኡ ዘይኮነስ ብመልክዑ ዝተፈልየ ሓዱሽ ዝመስል መብጽዓ ኣምጺኡ፡፡ ገንዘባዊ መብጽዓታት ጌርካ ምትላል ኣድማዕነቱ ከምዝጎደለ ምስተሰቆሮ፡ ነዚ ንምብዳህ ብዓይነታዊ መልክዕ ተመባጺዑ፡፡ ንሕድሕድ ኣባል ሰራዊት ኤርትራ ኣብ ዓመት 3 ግዜ ዝዕደል ሓደ ኩንታል ምሸላ፡ 10 ኪሎ ሽኮር፡ 10 ኪሎ ዓደስ፡ 10 ሊትሮ ዘይቲ ንስድራቤቱ ኣኣብዘለውዎ ከምዝዕደል ቃል ኣትዩ፡፡ ሓላፍ ዘላፍ ዝኾነ ዕደላታት እውን ተጀሚሩ ነበረ፡፡ እንተኾነ ግዳ እቲ ኣብ ዓመት 3 ግዜ ዝተብሃለ፡ ኣብ 3 ዓመት ሓደ ግዜ’ውን ብዘይምትግባሩ መብጽዓ ውልቀ-መራሒ ዘይጭበጥ ሆቦብላ ንፋስ ኮይኑ ነፊሱ ተሪፉ፡፡

ድሕሪ’ዚ ውልቀ-መራሒና ኣብ 2012/13 ኣብ ሞንጎ ብካልእ መብጽዓ ክዘናግዕ ድሕሪ ምጽንሕ እንደገና ናብታ ናይ ቀደም ዓይነት መብጽዓኡ ተመሊሱ፡፡ ነቶም መቑረኒታቶም ደደርብዮም ጠጠንጢኖምዎ ዝፈራረሱ ዘለው ኣባላት ሓይልታት ምክልኻል ከዳናጒ ግዲ ኮይኑ ንነብስ-ወከፍ ኣባል ሰራዊት 50,000 ናቕፋ ስለዝዕደል ትመርጽዎ ባንካታት ኣፍልጡና፡ ንዝወጸ ሓደስቲ ቅጥዕታት ምልኡ፡ ታሴራ ዘይብልኩም ታሴራ ተቐላጢፍኩም ኣውጽኡ፡ እንዳተብሃለ ሰራዊት ላዕልን ታሕትን ክብል ገይርዎ፡፡ እንተኾነ ብናይ ሎሚ 50,000 ናቕፋ ሰራዊት ብዙሕ ሕጉስ ዋላ እንተዘይነበረ ቁሩብ ጽንሕ ኢሉ እቲ ወረ ናብ 5,000 ናቕፋ ወሪዱ ንሱ’ውን ግን ከይዱ ከይዱ ካብ መወዳእታ 2012 ጀሚሩ ዝተወርየ ክሳብ ሕጂ 50,000 የለ 5,000 ባዶ ገረወኛ ኮይኑ ተሪፉ፡፡

እቲ ንእሽቶ ዘይሓንኽ ኣብ ልዕሊ ህዝብን ሰራዊትን ክቱር ንዕቀትን ብደዐን ዘለዎ ውልቀ-መራሒና ኣብ ናይ 09 ለካቲት 2014 ቃለመሐተቱ ነቲ ምእንቲ’ዛ ሃገር ከርተት ዝብል ዘሎ ዜጋ ኣባይቲ ክንሃንጸሉ መደባት ሓንጺጽና ኣለና ዝብል ሓዱሽ መብጽዓ ክኣትወልና ሰሚዕናዮ፡፡

ሕድሕድ ዝተገልጹን ዘይተገልጹን መብጽዓታት ተኣማንነቶም ንምሕያል ዝዳለዉሎም ጉልባባት ረዘንቲ እዮም፡፡ ንኣብነት ኣብ ባንኪ ብኣስማትኩም ሰልዲ ክነቕምጠልኩም ስለዝኾና ሓደስቲ ቅጥዕታት ምልኡ፡ ታሴራ ኣውጽኡ፡ ትመርጽዎ ቀረባኹም ባንኪ ኣፍልጡና  ዝብል ሓያል ሽፋን ምድላው ናይ ውልቀ-መራሒና ናይ ማፍያ ምሁሮን ተሞኩሮን ኣዝዩ  ሓያል ምዃኑን ንዓለምና ክፍኣት ከምህር ብቕዓት ከምዘለዎ ካብ ዘረጋግጹ ጉዳያት ሓደ ምዃኑን ክውሰድ ይከኣል፡፡ 

     ካብ ሓሶትን ምድንጋርን ውልቀ-መራሒና ዝያዳ ዘስደምም ግን ናትና ግርህነት’ዶ ንበሎ ዕሽነት’ዩ፡፡ ዝቐደመ መብጽዓታት ከይተፈጸመ ንሓዱሽቲ መብጽዓታት ንጽበ! ጠንቂ ናይ’ዚ ከኣ ምርሳዕ ድዩ? ዋላስ እንታይ ኢዩ ዓንዚዙና? ኣይርደኣካን፡፡ ንጠንቀቅ ኣሕዋት! ክንርስዕ፡ ክንርስዕ፡ መንነትና ከይነጥፍእ፡፡   

 

 

 

 

 

Criminal gangs are targeting African immigrants for extortion, British police warned

Gangs are demanding up to £20,000 from European ’contacts’ of African immigrants for the release of hostages

British police have been warned that Africans in the UK are being targeted for extortion by foreign gangs, the Telegraph can disclose.

Europol, the European crime intelligence agency, has said that families are being forced to pay tens of thousands of pounds to free relatives who have been kidnapped.

Officials warned that criminal gangs are demanding £20,000 from European “contacts” of African immigrants for the hostage to be released.

Rob Wainwright, the Director of Europol, said that the organisation “has issued a warning to all police forces in Europe that this form of international extortion may also be happening in their areas”.

“In response to any increase in cases reported to national competent authorities in Europe, the centralised analysis of this data at Europol would enable the detection of cross-border links between different cash handlers.

“Europol is ready for coordinated action with Interpol to deal with the problem in Europe and the Sinai region.”

The Telegraph has spoken to one man in Birmingham who paid more than $35,000 (£20,917) for his sister to be released.

The man, who works as a taxi driver in Birmingham, asked for his surname to be withheld because he is concerned that the gangs may target other family members in his home country.

“I paid the money to save her life”, said Dawit. “I sold all that I could and borrowed from family and friends.

“The main thing is that she is safe and alive, but because she was tortured. She begged me to save her life. It was the worst thing in the world”.

He said that he knew another Eritrean man from Birmingham who was also forced to pay thousands of pounds to free a relative who had been kidnapped.

Europol said that data provided by national law enforcement authorities showed that “individuals of Eritrean origin living in Sweden and at least two other European countries” have received demands for money to free relatives who had been kidnapped and tortured in Sinai.

They said that “the extortion operations were run by organised crime groups (OCGs) of Bedouin origin exploiting irregular migrants who had been kidnapped in Eritrea and Sudan by OCGs of Rashaida origin.

Europol said that they are aware of cases where family members and friends have paid between 4400 euros (£3623) to 25,700 euros (£21,161) to free hostages.

Soren Pederson, from Europol said, “In most cases, the extortion processes involved multiple negotiation steps and sequential increases in the ransom amount.

“Payments were made to multiple cash handlers used by organised criminal groups in locations inside and outside of Europe.”

Few cases have been prosecuted, because victims are often too scared to tell the police, but last year, a Stockholm court has charged two Swedish nationals with extortion in connection with the kidnappings of Eritrean asylum seekers.

The men allegedly demanded $33,000 (£19,721) from families living in Sweden for the safe return of their relatives.

Amnesty International said that it has received “numerous reports” of refugees and asylum seekers being held captive in the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt.

A report produced by the organisation last year said that hostages held in Sinai are “subjected to brutal violence and inhuman treatment during attempts to extract ransom payments from their families”.

Amnesty said that the information they had “indicates that there is an extensive network of criminal groups which include smugglers and traffickers operating through Eritrea, Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt.

“They are reportedly heavily-armed…The networks include agents that collect the ransom money in countries including Israel, Saudi Arabia, the US, and throughout Europe”.

When Dawit’s sister was kidnapped as she walked to work in Eritrea last July, he reported the incident to police in the UK, but was told they were unable to help because she was not a British citizen.

The gang holding his sister called their mother and demanded $10,000 (£5975) was paid to them within two days.

If they did not receive the payment, the gang said she would be taken to Sinai and it would cost $35,000 (£20,917) for her release.

“The men knew we could not find $10,000 in one of two days”, said Dawit. “We were very scared and we wanted my sister to be able to return to her children, but we could not find the money that quickly.

“So then men took my sister to Sinai, where they made her call my family. They beat her and she was crying on the phone. She begged us to save her life.

“I sold two cars I had in Sudan and luckily I have lots of good friends, so we paid the money, but it took a long time for her to be release.

“The main thing is that she is safe and alive, but she has lost her hearing in one hear because of the beatings and also has a bad infection.”

Dawit’s sister is now in Ethiopia and the family are trying to raise enough money to get her back to her children in Eritrea.

By: The Telegraph